Fig. 1

Experimental design. To simulate the different shipment modalities, cells stored in LN2 vapour were thawed directly at 37 °C or after incubation for 18 h in dry ice. Cell viability and apoptosis were determined immediately after thawing. Immunophenotype, immunomodulation, and apoptosis were analysed after one week in culture. Population doubling was determined by counting cells at days 0, 2, 5 and 7. CFU-F potential was determined on cells plated immediately after thawing or plated after one week in culture (n = 3)